China is thinking of replacing gas-powered cars with fuel cell vehicles powered by hydrogen to combat smog and save energy, experts said.
New-energy vehicles refer to vehicles powered by non-traditional fuels, for example, electric and hybrid vehicles.
The fuel cell vehicles are powered by hydrogen, making them reportedly more efficient than conventional internal combustion engine vehicles with no tailpipe emissions. They emit water vapor and warm air.
China’s Ministry of Science and Technology and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) have been jointly implementing a Global Environment Facility-funded project that utilizes this innovative solution to help mitigate the impact of climate change.
Devanand Ramiah, a UNDP deputy country director, told the Global Times on Thursday that “we have launched a pilot program in five cities including Beijing and Shanghai. Three hydrogen-powered buses served during the 2008 Olympic Games and another six were used at the Shanghai World Exposition in 2010.”
Some 5,000 fuel cell vehicles are expected to be on the road by 2020 and can be estimated to reach 1 million by 2030, he said.
Zhang Weidong, a program manager at UNDP, told on Thursday that hydrogen fuel cell vehicles have advantages over pure battery-powered electric vehicles: fast-refueling speeds, a longer life and low maintenance.
Promoting hydrogen vehicles could also help poorer rural areas as hydrogen could also be generated from re-forming ethanol that can be extracted from farm crop residue such as sugar-rich straw, Zhang said.
But hydrogen is flammable, sparking safety worries. Hydrogen is classified as a hazardous chemical substance in China, Zhang said, meaning that under the current regulatory framework, building new hydrogen fuel stations is not as easy or smooth as building fossil fuel stations.
A total of 777,000 new-energy vehicles were sold in the Chinese market last year, up 53.3 percent year-on-year, the Xinhua News Agency reported, citing the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers.
“China is studying relevant research for when to stop the production and sale of traditional fuel cars,” Wang Cheng, an official at the China Automotive Technology and Research Center.