Crop Production in Water logged occurs in soils when soil profile is completely splashed with water, and there is insufficient oxygen in the pore spaces for plant roots to be sufficient relax. So thusly finally, the level of carbon dioxide in soil is extended and impacts on plants improvement. There is no broad level of water marking in soil is recognized in light of the way that plant builds up demand of oxygen in soil move with advancement orchestrate. Waterlogged conditions cause diminishing in root improvement, in the long run reach to the plant root-ruin ailment so it effects to the plant till later. It is typical recognition for a plant that refined to water logging condition, wind up perceptibly ailing in phosphorus and nitrogen and especially fragile, to the hot temperature. In case these indications can’t authentically watch, the yield loses can happen.
Water logging may be short lived or unending: ephemeral generally happens as a result of generous rain fall, yet on the other hand invariable water logging happens in light of climb in water table significance. Water logging happens on account of many reasons yet essential reason is fallowing;
(1) Natural reason
(2) Human induced
Regular reasons join Physiography of a watershed, Geology, atmosphere, Soil sort, Seepage inflows, Irrigation. Also, human induced water logging consolidates; over water framework, spillage from trenches, lacking waste, poor water framework organization, piece of trademark drainage, arrive darted dries having no outlet, absurd precipitation, level topography, occasional spills by surges, close/shape.
Water logging and saltiness in our soils main problem: Ones saltiness happens, by then waterlogging ignored it. 20% of cultivable land zone 8% is genuinely affected. According to soil saltiness audit of Wapda assessed, that this issue ends up being more sewer if this returns and additions up to 30%. SCARP altered similarly have been moved around 2/3 have been done out of 40 stations.
Water logging impacts the harvests from various perspectives as fallows; it causes put off conventional advancement operations, which are inimically impacts the closeness of wealth water in soil. Aquatics plants create in soil that fights with our genuine harvests. All over in silly water logging condition, simply wild create is there. It furthermore causes infection decaying of roots, external reactions on the foliage and natural items are typical, and after that finally diminished the yield of many harvests. Cash crops can’t be created and arrive is restricted to few yields. It in like manner cause decreasing in soil oxygen due to water filled soil pores and in the long run soil Co2 level augmentation and impacts rot improvement. Nonattendance of air flow similarly explanation behind manganese precipitation that is toxic to plant.
Water logging impacts the soils from different points of view as fallows; on account of water logging soil step by step warm up, bind the seedling, seed germination, root progression, in like manner biotic activity also decreased, and in the long run nitrogen fixation and others work irritates. Water logging creates soil saltiness when water table ends up being high, leaving the salts at first look and vanishes. High saltiness cause proclamation of sodium and diverse salts in upper layer, finally they decimate the earth structure and may push toward getting to be for deadly for plants and distinctive soils biota. Soil microorganism incorporate into nitrogen fixation process similarly plainly affected and diminished plant advancement.
Control measures of Water-Logging
Installation of tube-wells for irrigation and vertical drainage
Construction of surface-drains and tile-drains
Lining of water-channels
Planting of eucalyptus in water-logged areas.
Planning and designing of future canals on proper lines.
Providing artificial drainage system
Lowering of water-levels of canals.
Fixing cropping pattern
Control intensity of water
Optimum use of water
This article is collectively authored by Imran Ashraf, Maqsood ul Hussan, Zain ul Abdin. (Department of Agronomy University of Agriculture, Faisalabad)